The Green Tank’s new report, titled “Trends in the Greek Retail Electricity Market," analyzes the characteristics and trends of the Greek retail electricity market for the two-year period 2024–2025, from the introduction of color-coded bills through December 2025, based on official data from RAE and Eurostat.
The main findings are summarized as follows:
- Greece has consistently ranked among the most expensive countries in the EU-27 in terms of the competitive component of electricity bills. In 2025, it was the most expensive country based on purchasing power and the third most expensive in nominal terms.
- Green tariffs were on average 13.3% more expensive than blue tariffs and 27.3% more expensive than yellow tariffs, which were the cheapest option for almost the entire two-year period.
- If all consumers with green plans chose the cheapest yellow plan each month, they would collectively reduce their electricity costs by €1.23 billion over the 2024–2025 period.
- Despite their higher cost, green tariffs retain the largest share of household meters (58% by the end of 2025), although the trend is downward.
- However, consumers switching away from green plans prefer the more expensive blue plans over the cheaper yellow ones, resulting in the share of blue plans nearly quadrupling between August 2024 (7.7%) and December 2025 (27.8%).
- The retail market is characterized by very high concentration, with a dominant provider consistently holding approximately 70% of household meters.
- Retail prices show a strong correlation with wholesale market prices, which remained at high levels due to increased electricity generation from natural gas.
- In the second half of 2025, the gap between the wholesale and retail markets widened significantly, reflecting higher profit margins for suppliers and increased costs for consumers.
- Government interventions during the 2024–2025 period had limited success in reducing energy costs for households.
The report recommends, among other things, limiting the use of natural gas and accelerating the development of storage and renewable energy, intensifying oversight of the retail market, developing competitive two-part and dynamic pricing structures, accelerating the installation of smart meters, and launching a large-scale consumer awareness campaign .
“The retail electricity market in Greece continues to place an excessive burden on households, while energy poverty remains at very high levels. Data show that heavy reliance on natural gas, a lack of adequate consumer information, and limited switching between providers and plans perpetuate an expensive model in the retail market. "Strengthening competition, transparency, and a faster transition to a system based on renewable energy and storage can substantially reduce electricity costs for households and businesses," said Nikos Mantzaris, chief policy analyst at Green Tank.